Drug-resistantbacteria was discovered in the technician’s garden
Lassocidin: A peptide-based antibiotic that kills pathogens using a lasso-shaped knot
Researchers have discovered a new antibiotic molecule that targets a broad range of disease-causing bacteria — even strains resistant to commercial drugs — and is not toxic to human cells1.
The molecule was discovered in the garden of a laboratory technician. The discovery shows that “there is terrifically interesting stuff hiding in plain sight”, says Kim Lewis, a microbiologist at Northeastern University in Boston, Massachusetts, who was not involved in the research. It’s good to know that they know what to look for.
The search for new antibiotics is necessary because bacteria acquire resistance to existing drugs with continued use. By 2020, the number of deaths associated with antimicrobial drugs could increase to 1.9 million.
Wright and his colleagues set out to find microbes that have developed previously unknown tricks to kill pathogens. They collected soil samples in Petri dishes with growth medium and stored them for a year. The researchers then exposed the microbes from these samples to Escherichia coli, a common gut bacterium that can cause serious disease.
A molecule produced by the bacterium is a group of peptides, which forms a lasso-shaped knot. These peptides are known for being robust and can probably even survive being digested. Wright says the structure is compact and robust.
The molecule, which the researchers named lariocidin, binds to the ribosome and also to transfer RNA, which supplies the ribosome with the amino-acid building blocks it needs to string together peptide chains. By doing so, it prevents the genetic code from being read correctly, and also corrupts the code, jumbling the output. Ultimately, this means that the ribosome produces incorrect peptides, some of which probably end up being toxic to the bacterium and killing it, says Lewis. The pathogens haven’t developed resistance to the antibiotic because it uses a different mode of action.
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Researchers have discovered a peptide-based antibiotic molecule that targets a broad range of disease-causing bacteria and is not toxic to human cells. The molecule, namedlariocidin, binds to the ribosome and also transfer RNA, supplies ribosome with aminoacid building blocks it needs to string together peptide chains. Ultimately, this means that ribosome produces incorrect peptides, some of probably end up being toxic to the bacterium.