If you test these techniques outside of the lab, you can see that chemicals can be destroyed with clever chemistry
Photocatalytic reductive cleavage of carbon-fluorine bond by CBZ6: A study at Nagai, Y., Smith, R. L.Jr. and Arai, K
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The C–F functionalization of un active trifluoromethylarenes is improved by this work. J. Am. There is a drug called Chem. 141, 13203 and 13211 were published in 2019.
The carbon–fluorine (C–F) bond is one of the strongest in organic chemistry, requiring huge amounts of energy to break down, at huge expense. There are two low-energy ways to get rid of the C–F bond.
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Chemistry of Fluoropolymers: End of life assessment and chemical formula for Chem. Int’l 135, 22403-22412 (20023)
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Source: Photocatalytic low-temperature defluorination of PFASs
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Resolving Chemical Bonds with Chemists: A Case Study of PTFE-based Photocatalytic Oxidation Catalysts
Only part of the problem can be addressed by any solution that emerges from such developments. It is essential that updated regulation of chemicals and more research into safer alternatives to PFAS that do not harm human health or the environment are done.
Such bonds lie at the heart of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), a group of compounds, numbering in the millions, that are remarkably water-, heat- and greaseproof. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE, branded as Teflon) was discovered in the 1930s with the purpose of making pans non stick and keeping rain off our jackets. Varieties of cosmetics, fire-retardant foam, kitchen utensils, metal coatings, packaging, textiles and more all contain them.
They are known asforever chemicals because they are hard to break down, and last for a long time in the environment. They are also ‘everywhere’ chemicals, in that they can be found in rivers and on the tops of mountains. Chemicals that are highly toxic have been linked to a variety of problems, from cancer to immune-system suppression.
Both methods combine a catalyst with a relatively easy chemistry that is driven by visible light. The catalyst absorbs light and creates a reaction.
A group of Chemists at Colorado State University use absorbed energy to reduce the C– F bond to carbon–hydrogen, but not in Teflon1. The chemistry department of the University of Science and Technology of China in Hefei uses this energy to break bonds in temperatures as low as 40 C. Both papers show a major step forward.
Next steps include using the ideas to clean up waste water and polluted soils as well as using them in real-world settings. It would be huge benefit if a method could be adapted so that it could run on sunlight.
The European Union ban on persistent pollutants does not apply to medicine and transport. Application to molecule bond production, pharmaceuticals, and medicine
The latest list of banned substances for persistent organic pollutants, which was put out by the Swedish Convention, only included three types of the pollutant.
For the simple reason that these chemicals are too useful, the European proposal doesn’t extend to banning their use in applications like medicine or transport. Molecules need C–F bonds in pharmaceuticals to remain stable for their shelf life.
A group of chemists at Colorado State University in the US used absorbed energy to reduce the C– F bond to Carbon–hydrogen but not in temperatures of 40C or above. The chemistry department of the University of Science and Technology of China in Hefei uses this energy to break bonds in as low as 40C.